Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Implementation Research: A Critical Analysis and Suggested Synthesis
Item
Title
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Implementation Research: A Critical Analysis and Suggested Synthesis
Abstract/Description
This paper first reviews the implementation literature of the past fifteen years, with particular emphasis on the relative strengths and weaknesses of the ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches. It also argues that the 4–6 year time-frame used in most implementation research misses many critical features of public policy-making. The paper then outlines a conceptual framework for examining policy change over a 10–20 year period which combines the best features of the ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches with insights from other literatures.
Author/creator
Date
In publication
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
21-48
Resource type
Background/Context
Medium
Print
Background/context type
Other
Open access/free-text available
No
Peer reviewed
Yes
ISSN
1469-7815, 0143-814X
Citation
Sabatier, P. A. (1986). Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Implementation Research: A Critical Analysis and Suggested Synthesis. Journal of Public Policy, 6(1), 21–48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X00003846
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